ETC HE Reports
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports
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ETC HE Report 2023/3: Air quality maps of EEA member and cooperating countries for 2021. PM10, PM2.5, O3, NO2, NOx and BaP spatial estimates and their uncertainties.
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2023-3-air-quality-maps-of-eea-member-and-cooperating-countries-for-2021-pm10-pm2-5-o3-no2-nox-and-bap-spatial-estimates-and-their-uncertainties
This report presents air quality maps for the EEA member and cooperating countries (and three microstates) for 2021, as well as the relevant exposure estimates for health related and vegetation related indicators. It also summarizes exposure estimates in the period 2005-2021. The report provides and documents background materials (maps, exposure estimates) for the European Environment Agency’s Air Quality in Europe 2023 online report.
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© European Topic Centre on Human Health and the Environment, 2023
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
PM10
PM2.5
O3
NO2
NOx
BaP
Trend
Methodology
Input data
Technical details
Mapping uncertainty
Inter-annual changes
2024-01-18T11:25:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2023/13: Estimating the burden of disease due to lead, PFAS, phthalates, cadmium, pyrethroids and bisphenol A using HBM4EU data – test of feasibility and first results for selected countries
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2023-13-estimating-the-burden-of-disease-due-to-lead-pfas-phthalates-cadmium-pyrethroids-and-bisphenol-a-using-hbm4eu-data-2013-test-of-feasibility-and-first-results-for-selected-countries
This report presents a feasibility study to estimate the environmental burden of disease due to a set of chemicals in selected European countries for the year 2021. It contains case studies on lead, PFAS, phthalates, cadmium, pyrethroids and bisphenol A. A total of 15 risk-outcome-pairs were considered. Where possible, the aim was to calculate disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). In addition, data from the HBM4EU-project was used to ensure that exposure was estimated consistently across Europe. It was shown that a significant burden of disease can be attributed to the 6 analyzed chemicals in the selected European countries. However, despite a standardised methodological approach, the report identifies and discusses a number of limitations, particularly due to varying availability and quality of input data, which hampers the overall comparability of the results.
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© European Topic Centre on Human Health and the Environment, 2023
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
Environmental burden of disease
chemicals
disability-adjusted life years
human biomonitoring
lead
PFAS
phthalates
pyrethroids
cadmium
bisphenol A
2024-01-18T16:00:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2023/8: Long-term trends of air pollutants at European and national level 2005-2021
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2023-8-long-term-trends-of-air-pollutants-at-european-and-national-level-2005-2021
Trend calculations of air pollutants for the periods 2005-2021 have been applied. Sulphur dioxide shows the largest decrease of all pollutants with a concentration reduction of the order of 62-68 %. The agreement between reported emission data and measured concentrations are relatively good up to the year 2008, after which a large mismatch is observed. For NO2, a mismatch between the trend in air concentrations and NOx emissions is found. While the overall NOx emissions are reported to be reduced by 55 %, the measured NO2 data indicate a decline of the order of 38 %. For PM data (PM10 and PM2.5) we find an opposite mismatch, meaning that the PM concentrations show stronger downward trends than the reported emissions. This can be explained by the additional effect of reducing gaseous precursors of secondary PM. For O3, our findings are in line with earlier published studies noting that the annual mean ozone concentration has increased while the high peaks have been reduced. But the reduction of the peaks is now within only a few percent and non-significant.
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© European Topic Centre on Human Health and the Environment, 2023
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
Long-term trends
air pollutants
NO2
PM10
PM2.5
ozone
2023-12-04T13:10:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2022/23: Evaluation of European-wide map creation of flux-based ozone indicator POD for selected tree species.
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2022-23-evaluation-of-european-wide-map-creation-of-flux-based-ozone-indicator-pod-for-selected-tree-species
O3 is considered to be the most damaging common air pollutant for vegetation. The current indicator used to protect vegetation against negative impacts of O3 is the AOT40. Nevertheless, it is widely acknowledged that the impacts of O3 are more closely related to the instantaneous O3 flux or O3 dose absorbed through the stomata than to O3 exposure in the ambient air. For this reason, maps of POD1 (i.e. Phytotoxic Ozone Dose) for tree species of beech and spruce have been prepared using the methodology described in the Manual for modelling and mapping critical loads and levels of the Air Convention (CLRTAP). Subsequently, it can be concluded that the inclusion of POD for selected trees in routine mapping along with the other maps already produced is feasible.
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© European Topic Centre on Human health and the environment, 2022
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
ground-level ozone
forests
POD (phytotoxic ozone dose)
AOT40
ICP Vegetation
trees
beech
spruce
2023-05-26T13:05:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2022/10: Health Risk Assessment of Air Pollution and the Impact of the New WHO Guidelines
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2022-10-health-risk-assessment-of-air-pollution-and-the-impact-of-the-new-who-guidelines
This report estimates the health risk related to air pollution in 2020 based on the latest Air Quality Guidelines published by the World Health Organization. The estimates consider the number of premature deaths and years of life lost related to exposure to fine particulate matter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide across Europe. A sensitivity analysis to the changes in concentration-response functions and counterfactual concentrations is performed to understand the impact of the new Air Quality Guidelines on the mortality outcome estimates. The sensitivity analysis also includes the concentration response functions discussed in the ELAPSE study, a review on the latest European epidemiological studies.
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© European Topic Centre on Human health and the environment, 2022
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu).
Health risk assessment
mortality
premature deaths
years of life lost
sensitivity analysis
2022-11-28T15:25:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2022/4: Interim European air quality maps for 2021. PM10, NO2 and ozone spatial estimates based on non-validated UTD data.
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2022-4-interim-european-air-quality-maps-for-2021-pm10-no2-and-ozone-spatial-estimates-based-on-non-validated-utd-data
This report presents European interim air quality maps for 2021, which are based on the non-validated up-to-date (UTD) measurement data and the CAMS Ensemble Forecast modelling results, together with other supplementary data. It contains maps of PM10 and NO2 annual averages and ozone indicator SOMO35.
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© European Topic Centre on Human health and the environment, 2022
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
PM10
NO2
Ozone
Spatial mapping
Measurements
Model
Interim map
2023-01-20T13:25:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2023/7: Health Risk Assessment of Air Pollution: assessing the environmental burden of disease in Europe in 2021
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2023-7-health-risk-assessment-of-air-pollution-assessing-the-environmental-burden-of-disease-in-europe-in-2021
This report presents the results of the environmental burden of disease (or health risk) assessment related to air pollution in 2021. The estimates include all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality and morbidity health outcomes, with ten risk-outcome pairs considered for the cause-specific estimates. Cause-specific mortality and morbidity estimates are combined to allow assessing the overall impact on population health based on a common indicator, the disability-adjusted life year. Using estimates disaggregated by mortality and morbidity components allows for the identification of the related shares across European countries.
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© European Topic Centre on Human Health and the Environment, 2023
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
Ambient air pollution
Environmental Burden of Disease
Mortality
Morbidity
attributable deaths
Year of life lost
YLL
Years lived with disability
YLD
disability-adjusted life years
DALY
2023-11-22T16:50:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2023/17: 3.2.5.2 Noise assessment: Methodology and scripts for the analysis of quiet areas in urban centres Sub-task 1
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2023-17-3-2-5-2-noise-assessment-methodology-and-scripts-for-the-analysis-of-quiet-areas-in-urban-centres-sub-task-1
Green urban spaces and quiet areas play an important role for quality of life in cities. Access to green spaces and extent of quiet areas in European cities have been evaluated separately since 2018. This report combines the two indicators. It describes and applies a methodology to assess the accessibility of the population to quiet green spaces in urban agglomerations. The assessment incorporates road and air traffic noise contour maps, focusing on the Lden indicator, and utilizes data from Urban Atlas 2018.
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© European Topic Centre on Human Health and the Environment, 2023
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
Quiet areas
noise contour maps
urban centres delineation
accessibility to quiet green areas
2024-03-01T15:35:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2023/12: Methodology to assess vulnerable groups exposed to environmental noise
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2023-12-methodology-to-assess-vulnerable-groups-exposed-to-environmental-noise
This report aims to develop a methodology to analyse the potential impact of environmental noise at schools. This objective aligns with the END and the Zero Pollution Action Plan, which call for stronger action to reduce noise pollution.
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© European Topic Centre on Human Health and the Environment, 2023
Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
Environmental noise
schools
vulnerable groups
children
noise exposure
road noise
rail noise
aircraft noise
industrial noise
health impacts
HIA
learning impairment
2024-03-01T13:35:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2023/14: Environmental health risks to children and adolescents: an umbrella review on chemicals
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2023-14-environmental-health-risks-to-children-and-adolescents-an-umbrella-review-on-chemicals
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© European Topic Centre on Human Health and the Environment, 2023
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
2024-02-29T09:00:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2023/4: Interim air quality maps of EEA member and cooperating countries for 2022. PM10, O3, and NO2 spatial estimates and evaluation of PM2.5 interim mapping.
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2023-4-interim-air-quality-maps-of-eea-member-and-cooperating-countries-for-2022-pm10-o3-and-no2-spatial-estimates-and-evaluation-of-pm2-5-interim-mapping
This report presents European interim air quality maps for 2022, which are based on the non-validated up-to-date (UTD) measurement data and the CAMS Ensemble Forecast modelling results, together with other supplementary data. It contains maps of PM10 annual average, ozone indicator SOMO35 and NO2 annual average. Next to this, the report evaluates the PM2.5 annual mean interim mapping.
No publisher
© European Topic Centre on Human Health and the Environment, 2023
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
PM10
Ozone
NO2
PM2.5
Spatial mapping
Measurements
Model
Interim map
2023-12-07T16:00:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2022/24: City-level mapping of air quality at fine spatial resolution – the Prague case study. NO2, PM10 and PM2.5 maps on a 100 m spatial grid.
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2022-24-city-level-mapping-of-air-quality-at-fine-spatial-resolution-2013-the-prague-case-study-no2-pm10-and-pm2-5-maps-on-a-100-m-spatial-grid
This paper examines the creation of fine resolution maps at 100 m x 100 m resolution using statistical downscaling for the area of Prague, as a case study. This Czech city was selected due to the fine resolution proxy data available for this city. The reference downscaling methodology used is the linear regression and the interpolation of its residuals by the area-to-point kriging. Next to this, several other methods of statistical downscaling have been also executed. The results of different downscaling methods have been compared mutually and against the data from the monitoring stations of Prague, separately for urban background and traffic areas.
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© European Topic Centre on Human health and the environment, 2023
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
Air quality
downscaling
Spatial mapping
NO2
PM10
PM2.5
2023-08-04T12:50:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2022/6: Chemical risk indicator scoping study Scoping study to develop an indicator on the risk of chemicals on ecosystems.
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2022-6-chemical-risk-indicator-scoping-study-scoping-study-to-develop-an-indicator-on-the-risk-of-chemicals-on-ecosystems
This scoping study outlines various options for methodologies that can underpin indicator(s) on the risk of (single/mixtures of) chemicals on various types of ecosystems, habitats and species. The aim of the indicator is to provide a sufficient and indicative level of information to contribute to risk governance. It can inform governmental institutions, non-governmental organizations and the general public on to what extent terrestrial ecosystems, habitats, or species, are put at risk by the occurrence of chemicals in the environment, as a consequence of human activities (e.g., farming). The report highlights the data required for the development of such an indicator and their availability through a review of existing databases. A case study illustrates the applicability of the indicator and the need for further development.
No publisher
© European Topic Centre on Human Health and the Environment, 2022
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu).
Chemicals
substances
risk
ecosystems
habitats
spatial indicator
species
sensitivity
pollution
2022-12-06T17:15:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2023/1: Status report of air quality in Europe for year 2021, using validated data
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2023-1-status-report-of-air-quality-in-europe-for-year-2021-using-validated-data
No publisher
© European Topic Centre on Human health and the environment, 2023.
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
2023-04-14T14:55:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2023/2: Status report of air quality in Europe for year 2022, using validated and up-to-date data
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2023-2-status-report-of-air-quality-in-europe-for-year-2022-using-validated-and-up-to-date-data
No publisher
© European Topic Centre on Human health and the environment, 2023.
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
2023-04-14T15:05:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2022/7: Recommendations for an update of the Implementing Provisions for Reporting (IPR) in connection with the revision of the Ambient Air Quality Directives
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2022-7-recommendations-for-an-update-of-the-implementing-provisions-for-reporting-ipr-in-connection-with-the-revision-of-the-ambient-air-quality-directives
This report aims to support the on-going revision of the Ambient Air Quality Directives by providing a series of recommendations on the reciprocal exchange of information and reporting of ambient air quality (e-reporting) following the Commission Implementing Decision (2011/850/EU). It builds on the experience and understanding from the EEA and technical experts at its European Topic Centre for Human Health and the Environment (ETC HE) working with implementing provisions for reporting (IPR) and identifies areas for further efficiency gains in e-reporting, in particular concerning the H-K dataflows.
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© European Topic Centre on Human Health and the Environment, 2022
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
Air quality directives
e-reporting
representative area
exceedance reporting
modelling results
air quality plans
H-K dataflows
2023-01-18T11:35:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2022/11: Estimating the morbidity related environmental burden of disease due to exposure to PM2.5, NO2 and O3 in outdoor ambient air
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2022-11-estimating-the-morbidity-related-environmental-burden-of-disease-due-to-exposure-to-pm2-5-no2-and-o3-in-outdoor-ambient-air
This report provides an assessment of the impact of the ambient air pollutants PM2.5, NO2 and O3 on population health in Europe. It contains estimates of the morbidity related environmental burden of disease for ten risk-outcome pairs for Europe in 2019.
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© European Topic Centre on Human health and the environment, 2022
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
Ambient air pollution
Environmental Burden of Disease
Morbidity
Years lived with disability
2022-11-28T15:25:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2022/2: Status report of air quality in Europe for year 2020, using validated data
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2022-2-status-report-of-air-quality-in-europe-for-year-2020-using-validated-data
This report presents summarised information on the status of air quality in Europe in 2020, based on validated air quality monitoring data officially reported by the member and cooperating countries of the EEA. It aims at informing on the status of ambient air quality in Europe in 2020 and on the progress towards meeting the European air quality standards for the protection of health in the Ambient Air Quality Directives and the new World Health Organization air quality guidelines. The report also compares the air quality status in 2020 with the previous three years.
No publisher
© European Topic Centre on Human health and the environment, 2022
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu).
Air quality status 2020
air quality monitoring
Europe
e-reporting
validated data
2022-03-31T11:50:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2022/5: Projected health impacts from transportation noise – Exploring two scenarios for 2030
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2022-5-projected-health-impacts-from-transportation-noise-2013-exploring-two-scenarios-for-2030
This report provides outlooks to 2030 on population exposed to road, rail and aircraft noise as well as on health impacts. The outlooks comprise two scenarios, one that is conservative (i.e. the minimum implementation of existing and forthcoming regulations) and one optimistic scenario which includes a more extensive set of measures. The assessment is done in order to determine if the EU Action Plan 'Towards Zero Pollution for Air, Water and Soil' with the commitment to reduce by 2030 the share of people chronically disturbed by noise from transport by 30 % compared to 2017, could be achieved considering the outlooks calculated.
No publisher
© European Topic Centre on Human health and the environment, 2022
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
More information on the European Union is available on the Internet (http://europa.eu).
Noise exposure
health impacts
highly annoyed
highly sleep disturbed
conservative scenario
best implementation scenario
Zero Pollution Action Plan
road noise
rail noise
aircraft noise
2022-06-21T08:40:00Z
etc_report
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ETC HE Report 2022/22: Environmental health risks to children and adolescents: an umbrella review on indoor and outdoor air pollution
https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-he/products/etc-he-products/etc-he-reports/etc-he-report-2022-22-environmental-health-risks-to-children-and-adolescents-an-umbrella-review-on-indoor-and-outdoor-air-pollution
This report relates to the ETC technical proposal WP 2.1 to assess impacts on health and well-being from exposure to air and water pollution, environmental noise, chemicals and a changing climate in Europe. In this report the results of an umbrella review related to the effects of indoor and outdoor air pollution on children and adolescents with a separate evaluation of intervention studies.
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© European Topic Centre on Human Health and the Environment, 2022
Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged. [Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 (International)]
Health
children
environment
ambient air pollution
outdoor air pollution
interventions
2023-03-03T16:00:00Z
etc_report