Impacts of climate change on snow, ice, and permafrost in Europe: Observed trends, future projections, and socio-economic relevance ETC/ACC Technical Paper 2010/13

The analysis of the state of the cryosphere in Europe is based on in-situ and remote sensing observations, and modelling. The paper covers Svalbard, Iceland, Scandinavia, the European Alps, the Tatra Mountains, the Pyrenees, as well as the Baltic Sea. It assesses the primary impact of climate change on the cryospheric components such as snow cover, glaciers and ice caps, permafrost, lake and river ice, and sea ice; as well as related secondary impacts on avalanches, landslides and rock slope failures, and glacier floods.

Prepared by: Thomas Voigt¹, Hans-Martin Füssel², Isabelle Gärtner-Roer³, Christian Huggel³, Michael Zemp³, Christoph Marty⁴

^{1 Federal Environment Agency (UBA-D), Dessau, Germany(*); 2 European Environment Agency (EEA), Copenhagen, Denmark; 3 University of Zurich (UZH), Switzerland; 4 WSL-Institut für Schnee- und Lawinenforschung (SLF), Davos, Switzerland;
(*) ETC/ACC Consortium partner institute}

Published by: ETC/ACC, February 2011, 117 pp.