ETC CM report 2025/04: Overview of Reported Integrated National Climate and Energy Policies and Measures in Europe in 2025

Publication date: 07 Nov 2025

Authors: Annabel Vella (VITO), Tom Dauwe (VITO), Sam Putman (AETHER)

EEA project managers: Liza Leimane, William Keeling

Abstract:

Member States are required to report every two years on their integrated national policies and measures covering all five dimensions of the Energy Union. In 2025, EU Member States reported a total of 3519 expired, existing, and planned policies and measures. This represents a significant increase compared with previous reporting cycles. The rise can be attributed both to the expanded reporting requirements and to the ongoing implementation of the National Energy and Climate Plans, as well as additional actions undertaken to meet the 2030 climate and energy targets. However, quantitative evidence on the effectiveness, costs, and benefits of these measures remains insufficiently reported.

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